Cooling device for electric apparatus.



0. LB G. PORTESCUE. COOLING DEVICE FOR ELEGTRIO APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOW 6, 1908.

V Patented Nov. 28, 19'! L WITNESSES eroics.

lJlillTED STATES PATENT l l ltlil,

CHARLES G. FDRTESCUE, F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AEiSIGNOEt. BYIVLESN'E ASSIGNMENTS, T0 WESTENGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING- COMPANY,OF "EAST PKITSHURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CUOLING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

Application filed November 6. 1908. Serial No, 461,338.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES Ln l on'rnsoun, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, and a resident of Wilhinsburg, in the county of Alleghenyand State of Penn sylvania, have invented a new and useful linprovementin CoolingDevices for Electric llpparatus, of which the following is aspecification.

ll/ly invention relates to the cooling of electrical apparatus, and ithas special reference to transformers and other stationary inductiveapparatus which are disposed in tluid'containing cases. v

The object of my invention is to provide an improved casing forelectrical apparatus of the class above indicated and means containedwithin the casing for eiliciently circulating and cooling the oil orother insulating fluid in which the apparatus is immersed.

It is usual to provide ribbed projections or corrugations in the exposedsurfaces of the tanks, in which oil-immersed transformers and similardevices are contained,

in order to facilitate the radiation oi the heat which is generated. inthe electrical apparatus and transmitted through the fluid to the tankwalls. lnsulatin fluids, such as oil, are relatively poor conductors ofheat, so that the temperature of the transformer or other electricaldevice within-the tank may be considerably higher than that of themedium surrounding the tank.

According to my present invention, I materially improve the ventilationof the elec trical apparatus by providing means for mechanicallycirculating the oil within the tank. and also external tubes whichcommunicate with the tank at its ends, in order to provide a completecircuit for the insul'ating fluid, a portion of which may be readilycooled.

The single figure of the accompanying drawing is a sectional elevationof a trans former provided with the cooling device of my presentinvention.

My improvement is not limited in its application to any special class ofelectrical apparatus or oform of tank, but is shown'in connection with atransformer suitable for use on alternating current railway vehiclesbecause it has special advantages in apparatus at this character.

Referring to the drawing, the apparatus illustrated comprises atrzmslormer core member 1 and coils 2 associated therewith, a tank 3 inwhich the transformer is contained 'anda circulating pump or propeller lwhich is driven by any suitable means (not shown).

The tank 3 has a plurality of pipes or tubes 5 which connectenlargements 6 and 7 that are located at its respective ends, said tubesbeing bent into a U shape to conform to the body of the tank adjacent towhich they are disposed. The enlargement 7 is entirely closed exceptwhere it connects with the tubes 5 and with the outlet of the pump orpropeller l.

The interior of the tank divided into two substantially equal chambers 8and 9, by a partition 10, the arrangement of parts being such that, whenthe pump or pro peller 4 is operated, a fluid pressure is produced inthe enlargement 7 and the insulate ing fluid is forced from thencethrough the tubes 5 and into the enlargement (l of the chamber 8. Fromthis point, the fluid is obliged to pass through a plurality ofventilating passages 11, which are established. in a well known mannerbetween the coils 2 of the transformer, into the chamber 9. The level ofthe liquid in the tank. must, of course, be sufficiently high tosubmerge the inlet of the propeller l which may be a centrifugal pump orany other suitable fluid propeller.

It will be observed that the apparatus employed is all contained withinthe trans former tank, with the exception of the tubes 5 and,consequently, the in'iprovemcnt may be readily applied to railwaytransformers, which are usually located on the bottoms of railwayvehicles. When the device illus tratcd located in this manner, the tubesor pipcsff) are subject to a material blast or circulation of air sothat the oil passing through them is reduced to the temperature of theoutside atmosphere. Railway transformers are usually disposed in long,

relatively shallow tanks in which the automatic circulation ofoil,caused by diilerences of temperature, is very slight and,consequently, it is highly desirable to provide a forced circulationwithin these tanks.

It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that myimprovement may ing to produce a circulati be adapted to gariouselectrical devices, and I desire that niy such limitations shall beimposed as,are indicated in the appended claims. a i I I claim as myinvention 1. The combination, with a 'fluid-containing tank havin twochambers, electrical apparatus located in said tank and provided withinternal passages which open into the respective chamberspand tubes orpipes located outside thetank in proximit to the walls thereof andconstituting con uits between the chambers, of pro elling means forproducing a circulation oft fluid through the external tubes and theinternal pas sages. r

2. The combination with a fluid-containing tank, having two side-by-sidechambers, electrical apparatus dis osed in both chambers and providedwith ducts which open into the respective-chambers, and tubes or pipeslocated outside the tank and constituting conduits between the upperportions of the chambers, of a propelling means located within one ofthe chambers and senvn of fiuicl'through; the tubes and ducts.

3. The combination with a fiuid-contai1iing tank having two chambers,electrical apparatus disposed in both chambers and provided withinternal passages, and tubes or pipes constituting outside passages be,

tween the chambers, of a fluid propeller iocated within one of thechambers and. serv ing to produce a eircuiation of fluid. through boththe internai and the externai. passages.

which open into the respective chambers,-

and tubes or pipes which constituteontside conduits between thechambers, of means forprodncing a circulation of finid through the tubesfrom chamber to chamber.

5. The combination with a fiuid containing tank having two, chambers, atransformer disposed in both chambers and'provided with ventilatingducts or passages through which fluid flows from chamber to chamber, andtubes or pipes whichconstitute outside conduits between the chambers, ofa fluid propeller located Within one of the chambers and serving toforce fluid through the tubes into the other chamber. In testimonywhereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of October,1908.

CHARLES LE G. FORTESCUE.

.BIRNEY Errors.

